Elena Belei is a pedagogue by training and she has spent most of her career in the academic environment. Since 1997 until current day he has worked at the Law Department of the State University of Moldova (USM).

During 2008-2010 Mrs. Belei acted as the head of the Department for Treaties and European Integration at the Ministry of Justice. In 2015 she held the position of chief of staff of the justice minister for a time.

In 2017 Mrs. Belei was appointed the state secretary at the Ministry of Education, Culture, and Research, by an order signed by then Prime Minister Pavel Filip, a Democrat.

In June 2019 the new government led by Maia Sandu reconfirmed Mrs. Belei in the same position at the same institution. In November 2019 the ruling alliance broke up and Elena Belei resigned. The resignation application was signed by the new premier, Ion Chicu.

In March 2020 the Parliament chose to assign Mrs. Belei to the High Council of Magistrates for a four-year term. She earned the vote of the Socialist and Democratic factions.